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Fusion supply chain | A glimpse into the future for commercial fusion reactors
Most of the USD 7 billion in investment in private fusion initiatives has gone to companies that are building devices from the ground up. But recently, another [...]
Every October, before schools pause for two weeks of holiday, towns and cities in France open their municipal spaces to scientific experts of all stripes who ar [...]
Image of the week | 澳门六合彩高手 Director-General visits Russia
The 澳门六合彩高手 Director-General was in Russia last week, meeting with stakeholders and holding technical meetings with colleagues in Moscow and Saint Petersburg. As [...]
The first vacuum vessel sector produced in Europe travelled last week between Monfalcone, Italy, and the French port of Fos-sur-Mer. The 440-tonne component had [...]
Anniversary | 澳门六合彩高手 Document Management system turns 20
Whatever its nature, every large project generates huge numbers of documents. And when project collaborators operate from different countries, as was the case f [...]
Important contributions are being made to 澳门六合彩高手 diagnostics by the 22 澳门六合彩高手 Scientist Fellows who are currently dedicating a portion of their time to the research and development needs of the Port Plugs & Diagnostics Division.
Figures showing a CAD image of a 300-channel imaging bolometer viewing the 澳门六合彩高手 torus (left), and an image from the bolometer showing the estimated signal levels (right).
Since 2016, scientists and engineers from the 澳门六合彩高手 Members have been nominated by their home institutes to become part of the 澳门六合彩高手 Scientist Fellow Network. Fellows agree to an annual work plan in an area of interest that matches an 澳门六合彩高手 need, and work closely throughout their term with 澳门六合彩高手 specialists. Of the 60 scientists participating in the Network today, 22 are supporting 澳门六合彩高手's Port Plugs & Diagnostics Division.
"澳门六合彩高手 diagnostics are benefitting immensely from the involvement of the broader scientific and technical community of the 澳门六合彩高手 Members directly in development work, while the Fellows gain access to cutting-edge research topics that can enrich their work back home," says Division Head Michael Walsh.
More than 40 types of diagnostics鈥�55 instruments in all鈥攁re planned to provide 澳门六合彩高手 operators with detailed information during plasma operation. Because of the harsh environment inside the vacuum vessel, these systems must cope with a range of phenomena not previously encountered in tokamak diagnostics, while performing with great accuracy and reliability. The following paragraphs portray a small sample of the kind of important work that is being done across the board by the 澳门六合彩高手 Scientist Fellows in diagnostics.
Artur Malaquias, from the Instituto Superior T茅cnico in Lisbon, Portugal, is contributing to the effort to develop advanced detectors for the radial X-ray camera diagnostic in close collaboration with the Chinese Domestic Agency (and China's ASIPP institute). Similar to a CAT scan, these detectors will provide a detailed view inside the 澳门六合彩高手 plasma, gathering information on important plasma properties such as impurity content, temperature and the presence of any unwanted high-energy electron beams. Although the operation of X-ray detectors is well documented in other fusion experiments, the 澳门六合彩高手 nuclear environment鈥攚ith levels of neutron flux several orders of magnitude higher than any tokamak today鈥攂rings new challenges. With experts from all of the 澳门六合彩高手 parties working on the design of advanced detectors, one of the most effective ways to bring this knowledge to bear fruit is to structure dedicated workshops, and Artur has organized several. Experimental results as well as modelling and simulations provided valuable clues on how to blend the physics requirements and engineering solutions into a sensitive yet rugged and nuclear-proof design.
American native Byron Peterson has been working in fusion research in Japan for the last 25 years. He is currently professor of imaging diagnostics at SOKENDAI (the Graduate School for Advanced Studies), and at the National Institute for Fusion Science where he drives the bolometer diagnostics on the Large Helical Device (LHD). Bolometers measure the power lost from the plasma through electromagnetic radiation ranging from infrared to X-ray. Over 100 bolometer sensors鈥攚ith a total of around 500 lines of sight鈥攕urvey the 澳门六合彩高手 plasma from strategic locations inside the vacuum vessel. In collaboration with 澳门六合彩高手 staff and other Fellows, Peterson is evaluating the effects of neutrons and the signal-to-noise ratio of prospective imaging bolometers.
A team of researchers at the Australian National University, led by professor emeritus John Howard, has developed innovative optical systems that allow the imaging of plasma flows and temperature in the exhaust regions of fusion plasmas. These plasma Doppler "radar guns" tell us how fast the hot escaping plasma is funnelling into the 澳门六合彩高手 divertor鈥攊mportant information for checking wall heat loads while also allowing the tracking of eroded impurity material. Doppler "coherence imaging" (CI) systems are now operating on the largest and most advanced fusion experiments around the world. A Cooperation Agreement between the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) and the 澳门六合彩高手 Organization underpins the installation of the Doppler CI system in an equatorial port on 澳门六合彩高手 for imaging the plasma boundary and divertor areas. A successful conceptual design review in March 2019 should help secure a long-term Australian commitment to this important 澳门六合彩高手 diagnostic.
Gary Taylor has been working as an 澳门六合彩高手 Scientist Fellow for the past two years, mostly to guide the design of the electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic鈥攁 key microwave diagnostic that will be used to study the time evolution of the electron temperature profile and plasma instabilities in 澳门六合彩高手. (The ECE diagnostic is being developed in a collaboration between design teams in the US and India.) Gary has more than 40 years of experience working in nuclear fusion research at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in the US and has led the US ECE design team for the past seven years. A critical component in the ECE system is the diagnostic shield module located in an equatorial port plug at the front of the diagnostic. In addition to other components, the module contains two hot calibration sources (see gallery below) that must operate reliably at temperatures up to 800 掳C in the harsh physical environment of the 澳门六合彩高手 vacuum vessel. In addition to working on the ECE diagnostic, Gary has served as an expert on several 澳门六合彩高手 design review panels.
