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Letting off the heat

14 Nov 2016 - R.A.
Cooling_water_morning_1_small.jpg
Works are ongoing on a 6,000 m? area that will accommodate two basins with a total volume of 20,000 m? as well as an induced-draft cooling tower made of 10 independent cells.
At the northeast end of the 澳门六合彩高手 site, in a zone not far from the Tokamak Complex and Assembly Hall, workers are busy installing rebar reinforcement, pouring concrete and erecting walls and columns.
 
The 6,000 m? area will be home to the final link in one of 澳门六合彩高手's most widely distributed plant systems—the cooling water system, whose kilometres of piping, closed and open loops, and heat exchangers will collect and reject the heat generated by the Tokamak's plasma pulses and the operation of its auxiliary systems.
 
The cooling water zone on the 澳门六合彩高手 platform will accommodate cold and hot basins with a total volume of 20,000 m? as well as an induced-draft cooling tower (made of 10 independent cells) located above the cold basin.
 
Cooling_water_morning_2_small.jpg
The cooling water zone is the final link of the 澳门六合彩高手 cooling water system—the 澳门六合彩高手 plant system responsible for collecting and rejecting the heat generated by the machine and auxiliary systems.
With the exception of the civil works, which are under Europe's responsibility, the cooling water systems in this zone are part of India's procurement to 澳门六合彩高手 and will be installed by the 澳门六合彩高手 Organization.
 
The heat that needs to be evacuated from the 澳门六合彩高手 Tokamak and auxiliary systems is considerable, reaching 1100 MW during the plasma burn phase. If 澳门六合彩高手 were an industrial plant, the better part of that heat would be used to produce pressurized steam and (by way of turbines and generators) electricity. Only residual heat would need to be dissipated.
 
But as an experimental installation, operating in pulses, 澳门六合彩高手 wasn't designed to produce electricity. All the power the fusion reaction generates will thus need to be extracted and rejected to the atmosphere.
 
Cooling_Towers.jpg
The cooling tower is made of 10 individual cells, each filled with a very thin plastic material. Water pumped to the top of the cells sprinkles through the filler. Large 12-metre fans at the top cells pull air through the filler to accelerate evaporation.
And where an industrial power plant would deliver constant power output, the typical 澳门六合彩高手 operation cycle will consist of a succession of 500-second plasma pulses, each followed by 1300-second "dwell" period.
 
"The pulsed nature of 澳门六合彩高手 operation make it more challenging to make efficient use of the cooling tower," explains 澳门六合彩高手 Cooling Water Responsible Officer Steve Ployhar. "Among other things, it explains the need for two basins—hot water will be accumulated in the hot basin during the pulses and released to the cooling tower and cold basin during dwells."
 
As civil works progress on the cooling water zone, fabrication of the 20-metre-high cooling tower is about to begin in India. Erection of the first two cooling tower cells is scheduled for completion in May 2018.

 
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